Cardiologists' knowledge and perceptions of the seasonal influenza immunisation.

BACKGROUND: Seasonal influenza immunisation reduces cardiovascular events in high-risk patients, but 50% do not receive routine immunisation. The perceptions and current role of cardiologists in recommending and prescribing influenza immunisation has not been well described. METHODS: We used an exploratory sequential mixed methods design. Semi-structured interviews of 10 cardiologists were performed to identify themes for quantitative evaluation. 63 cardiologists undertook quantitative evaluation in an online survey. The interviews and surveys addressed (a) attitudes and behaviours regarding influenza immunisation and (b) preventative care in cardiology. RESULTS: One quarter (25.4%, n = 16) of cardiologists recommended influenza immunisation to all patients. Less than half (49.2%, n = 31) recommended influenza immunisation to secondary prevention patients. Almost 1/3 of respondents (31.7%, n = 20) were uncertain or unaware of the guidelines regarding influenza immunisation and patients with cardiac disease. Most cardiologists believed that general practitioners were responsible for ensuring patients received influenza immunisation (76.2%, n = 48). CONCLUSIONS: Despite reducing cardiovascular events in high-risk patients, influenza immunisation is not widely recommended by cardiologists. Further clinician education is needed to address the knowledge gaps which prevent recommendation and uptake of this guideline directed treatment.

Results from a mobile outreach influenza vaccination program for vulnerable and high-risk populations in a high-income setting: lessons learned.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this pilot project was to assess the feasibility of an outreach mobile influenza vaccination program led by a large hospital network targeting high-risk and vulnerable populations in a high-income setting. METHODS: Key populations were identified and stakeholders with established access to these populations were engaged. A mobile, nurse-led immunisation service attended sites where these populations attend and offered influenza vaccine. Data was collected on risk factors for severe disease and past vaccination history. Vaccine type and date of administration were entered onto the Australian Immunisation Registry. RESULTS: Sixteen sites were visited, and 520 influenza vaccines were administered. Of those receiving the vaccine, 61% had received it previously, but only 39% in the past 12 months. A total of 232/520 participants (45%) self-reported a risk factor for severe disease. CONCLUSIONS: Appropriate identification of vulnerable populations, with good engagement of key stakeholders, can successfully deliver vaccines to sections of the population who may struggle to engage with healthcare services even when they are freely available. Implications for public health: Taking vaccines to vulnerable populations is well received and remains an important strategy to maximise uptake, even within high-income settings with universal access to healthcare.